114 Tatiana Minniyakhmetova their lives without these festivities; they are sure to hold them for the rest of their lives, pass this tradition to their children, and by doing so, preserve their traditional values. Acknowledgments I would like to thank Bożena Gierek and Wojciech Kosior for useful recommendations on conveying my thoughts and helping to clarify my English. References Demidov, Aleksandr N. (2016) “Fenomenologiia prazdnika [= Phenomenology of Celebration].” [In:] Ekaterina Iagafova (ed.) Prazdniki i obrjady v Uralo-Povolzhʹe: traditsii i innovatsii v sovremennoĭ kulʹture [= Festivals and Rituals in the UralsVolga Region: Traditions and Innovations in Contemporary Culture]. Samara, Russia: SGSPU; 207–210. Harva, Uno [1911] Uno Harvan matkamuistiinpanoja [= Notes from Journeys by Uno Harva]. Helsinki, Finland: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran Kirjallisuusarkisto. Holmberg, Uno ([1927] 1964) The Mythology of All Races. Vol. 4. Finno-Ugric, Siberian. New York, NY: Cooper Square Publishers. Ivanova, Margarita G. (1994) Istoki udmurtskogo naroda [= The Origin of the Udmurt Folk]. Izhevsk, Russia: Udmurtia. Leem, Knud (1767) Beskrivelse over Finmarkens Lapper: deres Tungemaal, Levemaade og forrige Afgudsdyrkelse | Canuti Leemii De Lapponibus Finmarchiæ: eorumqve lingva, vita et religione pristina commentatio [= An Account of the Laplanders of Finmark: Their Language, Manners, and Religion]. Copenhagen, Denmark: Trykt af G. G. Salikath. Lotman, Jurij M. (2000) Semiosfera [= Semiosphere]. Sankt-Peterburg, Russia: Iskusstvo-SPB. Minniyakhmetova, Tatiana (1995) “Eating of Beestings as an Original Calendar Rite of the Bashkirian Udmurts.” [In:] Mare Kõiva, Kai Vassiljeva (eds.) Folk Belief Today. Tartu, Estonia: Estonian Academy of Sciences; 330–334. Minniyakhmetova, Tatiana (2000) Kalendarnye obrjady zakamskikh Udmurtov [Calendric Rites of Trans-Kama Udmurts]. Izhevsk, Russia: UdIIJL UrO RAN. Minniyakhmetova, Tatiana (2017) “Symbolical Boundaries: Spatial Intimacy or Spatial Contradiction?” [In:] Hanneleena Hieta, Aila Nieminen, Maija Mäki, Katriina Siivonen, Timo J. Virtanen (eds.) Rajaamatta. Etnologisia keskusteluja. Ethnos-toimite 20 & Scripta Aboensis 4 [=Without Defining: Ethnological Discus-
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