171 Old and Middle English Literature author assigns it to ecclesiological and theological themes. If from a content point of view the poem can be understood as an orthodox response to Lollardy, a clear endorsement of the visible Church and of the necessity of the ministers in the life of the Christian community, because the righteous judge can only be saved through the intervention of Erkenwald as a bishop, with the help of the Holy Ghost, invoked by his prayers, and through the sacrament of the baptism, the selected vocabulary (the vocabulary of the court) for these sections reinforce the value of the visible Church as an unquestionable established institution (much like the court), a position shared by his readers and iconically mirrored by the ON loans, which connect with the dialects of the audience. References Benson, Larry D. (1965) “The Authorship of St. Erkenwald.” [In:] Journal of English and Germanic Philology 64; 393–405. Borroff, Marie (2006) “Narrative Artistry in St. Erkenwald and the Gawain-Group: The Case for Common Authorship Reconsidered.” [In:] Studies in the Age of Chaucer 28; 41–76. Borroff Marie (trans.) (2011) The Gawain Poet Complete Works: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Patience, Cleanness, Pearl, Saint Erkenwald. New York, NY: Norton. Brown, Gillian (1982) “The Spoken Language.” [In:] Ronald Carter (ed.) Linguistics and the Teacher. London, UK: Routledge & Kegan Paul; 75–87. Burrow, John A. (1971) Ricardian Poetry: Chaucer, Gower, Langland, and the Gawain Poet. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Burrow, John A., Thorlac Turville-Petre (2004) A Book of Middle English. Oxford, UK | Cambridge, MA: Blackwell. Butter eld, Ardis (2013) “Fuzziness and Perceptions of Language in the Middle Ages. Part3: Translating Fuzziness: Countertexts.” [In:] Common Knowledge 19(3); 446–473. Cameron, Christopher (1993) “A Translation of the Middle English St. Erkenwald.” Unpublished MA Thesis. Emporia, KS: Emporia State University. Chism, Christine (2002) Alliterative Revivals. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press. Cornelius, Ian (2017) Reconstructing Alliterative Verse. The Pursuit of a Medieval Meter. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Dance, Richard (2012) “Ch. 110. English in Contact: Norse.” [In:] Alexander Bergs, Laurel Brinton (eds.) Historical Linguistics of English (Handbooks of Linguistics
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