114 Diagnosing Dysarthria in Adults semantic memory 4, 33, 48 sialorrhea 16 singing 25 sonic monotony 26 sound nasal ~ 23, 50 oral ~ 23 Spanish 2, 6–7, 9–10, 19–23, 36–41, 45–46, 92, 94 spasticity 12, 14 spastic paresis 51, 86 speech scanning ~ 25, 27, 41, 81, 84 SPEECH ~ act 3, 9, 40 ~ apparatus 1, 13 ~ as acoustic signal 34 ~ assessment method 2, 42, 94 change in ~ 1 ~ clarity 29, 41–42, 47, 50 ~ comprehensibility 40–41, 46–47 ~ comprehension 32 ~ condition 15, 29, 42, 50, 93–94 ~ defects 1 definition of ~ 3 ~ developmental disorder 30 ~ disorder 4, 28, 30–31, 71, 86, 92–93 ~ disorder, motor 13 ~ disorder, neurologically-related 34 ~ distortion 14, 27, 75, 92, 94 dysarthric ~ disorder 2, 13 ~ execution 3, 16, 30–31 ~ execution mechanism 3 ~ executive aspects 16 explosive ~ 14, 27 ~ flow 25 ~ fluency 28 freezing ~ 27 ~ impairment 2, 36 ~ intelligibility 35 ~ melody 8, 26–27, 70–71 ~ motor programming mechanism 3 ~ motor system 13 nasal ~ 38, 45–46, 52–53, 86 ~ neurosis 28 nonsystemic distortions of ~ 17–18 oral ~ 38 ~ organs 5, 11, 13 ~ organs, structural defects 34 ~ pace 1, 40, 45, 52, 70 ~ phonetic impairment 17, 19 ~ planning 4, 13, 16, 27, 30–31 production of ~ 2–4, 11–13, 16–19, 22, 25–26, 28, 30–31, 50, 86 ~ programming 30 ~ programming mechanisms 30 ~ quality 12 ~ rate 4, 16, 24–25, 27, 41–42, 50, 69, 77, 97 ~ rate alternating 27 ~ sound 1–5, 11, 13, 16, 19, 24–25, 31, 39 spontaneous ~ 27, 32, 35, 42, 70, 92 systemic distortions of ~ 18 telegraphic ~ 31 ~ therapy 31, 35 ~ volume 25 Speech Assessment Method (SAM) 35 SAM 15 stress 6–11, 25, 27, 46, 49 stress disorder 26 stroboglottography 34 stutter 28, 33–34 subcortical executive regions 13 subthalamic nucleus 12 swallowing 16, 22, 28, 35, 37, 45, 51–52 syllabication 84 symptoms 1, 4, 15, 17, 24, 28–30, 32, 51–52, 70, 80–81, 83, 86, 95 dementia ~ 32 spastic ~ 51 T TASKS, diagnostic 2, 6, 36, 39, 41 alternating upper-lower lips-to-teeth task ~ 44, 74, 79, 82–83, 85, 87, 89, 92, 99 articulated b ~ 45, 60 articulated k, g ~ 45, 57–58, 60, 72, 79, 83, 100
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